Reading List for
Salford Telecommunications Heritage Conference 22-June-2019

The reading list to accompany the presentation made by Steve Scanlon during the conference, titled "When the Ticking Stops : Cold War Landline Communications for Nuclear Warning and Survival"
The presentation itself described a very brief summary of the communications systems supporting the four minute warning system, warning of fallout and the subsequent post-strike recovery operations.

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HANDEL - EARLY WARNING SYSTEM
The distribution of messages from the warning centre to 250 Police Stations via the speaking clock. Relaying this message to end-users and control of warning sirens. 1st. GENERATION CARRIER BROADCAST
The WB400 system used to transmit voice broadcasts from the police alerting of an attack or radioactive fallout to warning points and warning recipients. Combined with the WB600 sending remote control signals to operate mains electricity powered sirens. 2nd. GENERATION CARRIER BROADCAST
The WB1400 system combined both voice broadcasts from the police and siren remote control signals, in a modern system. THE NUCLEAR MONITORING POST
The appearance of the underground post, its function and the monitoring instruments. ROLE OF THE U.K.W.M.O.
Description of the function of the United Kingdom Warning and Monitoring Organisation. NUCLEAR MONITORING POST LANDLINES
Landline links between the ROC Nuclear Monitoring Posts and their UKWMO Group Headquarters. A complex network serving 1563 posts prior to 1968 when spending cuts reduced the number to 873. REGIONAL GOVERNMENT
Description of the function of the Regional Government Organisation. 1st GENERATION UKWMO / RGHQ CORE NETWORK
A network of private circuits serving the UKWMO Groups and Sectors and another for the Regional Government Headquarters with interlinks between them. The terminal equipment in the form of both Manual and Automatic private branch exchanges for speech. Torn tape relay centres for telegraphy. 2nd GENERATION EMERGENCY COMMUNICATION NETWORK (ECN)
A Speech Network linking all UKWMO Groups and Sectors, Regional and Local Authorities together. Combined with a telegraph network for the same sites and extending to the armed forces headquarters. EMERGENCY MANUAL SWITCHING SYSTEM (EMSS)
A network of 300 Switchboards in protected accommodation in telephone exchanges capable of providing a skeleton telephone service to essential users in war conditions. Superseded by the ECN.
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